Issues Associated With Mental Health-Free-Samples-Myassignment

Questions: 1.What structure does Stigmatization of Mental Health Issues take here? Give models. 2.Are there Positive portrayals of Mental Health and Mental Health Care in our Culture? Provided that this is true, give models. 3.What should be possible to Challenge Stigma around Mental Health? What would individuals be able to do? What would communities be able to do? Answers: 1.Mental wellbeing is profoundly criticized in different nations especially in poor and war torn nations like Africa, Syria and India. In West Africa mental scatters are viewed as a type of black magic or dark enchantment. Individuals with dysfunctional behaviors are relinquished by their families. They believe psychological instability to be a type of bewitchment. The families relinquish the individual with psychological maladjustment in the petition habitats, which are copious in the nation. The people are binded to trees or shakes and they are compelled to quick. As indicated by them, God can recuperate them and supplication is the main type of treatment. They have no food and protect and experience the ill effects of schizophrenia, bipolar turmoil, among others. Syria is a war torn nation, where individuals see their families get executed because of bombings. This influences their psychological wellness, especially the kids. They experience the ill effects of gloom and posttrauma tic stress issue (PTSD). The kids have forceful conduct, take up drugs, join packs, floats towards wrongdoing and viciousness and cause self-hurt upon them. In India, individuals with dysfunctional behavior are surrendered by families and they end up in lanes, where they endure different types of misuses. Individuals stay binded in medical clinics and this had caused the passing of various patients when the emergency clinic burst into flames. The patients passed on in the fire as there were nobody to unchain them. Psychological maladjustment is considered as black magic and controlled by spirits. 2.In Ontario, Canada, the National Alliance for the Mentally Ill (NAMI), reports pamphlets managing busting of social marks of disgrace related with psychological wellness. Dysfunctional behaviors are delineated in a positive light and positive depictions are featured. Magazines center around despondencies and reports the individual battles of people who have effectively combat different psychological sicknesses like misery. They additionally urge people in general to end segregation and disgrace related with psychological sickness. Different movies and TV programs are made, where the characters manage psychological maladjustment however they conquer their issues with the assistance of prescription and treatment. Clinical wellbeing suppliers do guiding meetings and instructive framework helps the understudies in adapting to their sickness and urges them to accomplish their instructive objectives. 3.Education and mindfulness are the most significant apparatuses to battle against disgrace fixated on psychological well-being. People can take activities to create clinical focuses, where medicine and guiding is given. In addition, kids experiencing misery are exposed to different recuperating programs like craftsmanship treatment and perceptions, which encourages them to envision a consoling and safe spot. Networks can complete instruction projects and mindfulness crusades to teach the ordinary citizens about psychological sickness. Medicinal services suppliers can work together with non-Government Organizations (NGOs) to complete free guiding for needy individuals in the city. Besides, volunteers can go to every single house and give intercession procedures like workmanship and music treatments and activities for people experiencing psychological maladjustment. Networks can be urged to give security, food and safe house for individuals who have been surrendered by families because of their state of mind. Specialists can team up with conventional healers to give the most ideal consideration to the patients. Finally, business can protect the lives of individuals adapting to mental disarranges.

Notice and Focus: Girl Culture by Lauren Greenfield Essay

†Girl Culture† photograph exposition by Lauren Greenfield’s was shot inside an office store’s changing area. It is about an image of a youngster name Sheena, who appears to me, fitting a few fabrics while another young lady, golden, about her age; most likely a dear companion is perched on the floor watching her. The shot was taken open. It seemed like a shot from a shrouded surveillance camera of the store. By the point of where the image was taken, I think the camera is situated close to the mirror where it could make an unmistakable effort on the subject’s full frontal picture. Sheena was practically half exposed, wearing just pants and a sando shirt in which she pulls up to her chest as she holds her bosom. It truly gave me a feeling that Amber may be a dear companion for Sheena permitted her to see her that path likely to requests some sentiment. By the gander at Sheena’s face, I could inform that see is frustrated regarding something and by the tight hang on her bosom, I think she was malcontented of its size. There are scarcely any things about this image catches my consideration. The way Sheena holds her bosom, the nearness of Amber inside the rooms and the camera itself. With this photo, one could tell how the string of fashion’s today influences the attitudes of little youngsters societies today. The vast majority of our youngsters today, as Sheena, presently consistently dream for an a lot bigger bosom. It shows how they are conditions by society that large bosom draws in additional. Page 2 With the nearness of Amber inside the room it reflects how freed our teenagers today. They are currently less moderate with their security however I think it is okay, for whatever length of time that they truly know their companions. The beneficial thing about it is that they realize how to request proposals among their friends for nobody can truly tell how great they look excepts for the people groups that encompasses them. This photograph may be impressions of how little youngster societies today yet what annoys me is the methods this photograph had taken. It’s a taken shot from a changing area of an open spot and if this is valid, I thought that it was extremely disturbing. This is an away from of security of each individual going into that room. It’s extremely harsh with respect to the proprietor of that foundation. Young lady Culture by Lauren Greenfield February 10â€March 27, 2005 Tisch Gallery

Children’s Exposure to Homosexuality in Popular Culture

The issue of homosexuality is an interesting issue in view of its strict, political, and social perspectives that can be discussed. The Family Research Report says â€Å"around 2-3% of men, and 2% of ladies, are gay or bisexual† (Gallup). Training on the subject is crucial to advance acknowledgment and this should be possible through formals or casual instruction. Officially, social insurance experts or school sexual instruction classes can teach. Be that as it may, casually, guardians, companions, and media are the most persuasive on individuals. In the media, homosexuality is depicted from multiple points of view and through numerous entrances. In unpretentious manners it very well may be exhibited with close fellowships, inclusivity, clues, generalizations, references, and rawness. The most effortlessly affected are kids in this manner they are the ones who should be taught. Dennis says, â€Å"queering, finding undertows of same-sex want between putatively hetero characters (Doty) is really simpler in programs focused to youngsters and youths than those focused to adults† (739). Gay portrayals in mainstream society on TV decidedly and straightforwardly influence the acknowledgment of gay, lesbian, swinger, and transvestite people by more youthful ages. Inclusivity is significant in children’s TV projects to show watchers that heteronormativity isn't the main alternative accessible seeing someone. One show concentrated by Dennis utilizes a Nickelodeon appear, Ned’s Declassified School Survival Guide, to exhibit how inconspicuous changes in exchange can send a progressively positive message. The show is made as a manual for assist young people with making due in center school or secondary school and offers tips on the best way to be effective in angles not straightforwardly identified with scholastics. In one scene Ned says â€Å"when you like someone†¦Ã¢â‚¬  when he could have simply said â€Å"when you like a girl†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Dennis 742). Changing the tip to incorporate both genders demonstrates that the character sees a relationship to not be controlled to one sex or the other. While including a progressively broad objective, the program likewise drops the thought that one sex should consistently be pulled in to the other gender. Absence of such inclusivity drives youngsters to grow up uninformed to the alternatives they have and gives them that homosexuality is unsuitable. At the point when a youngster depends on guardians or formal instruction for sexual training, homosexuality is frequently prohibited as a subject to be examined and might be awkward with it further down the road when presentation is ensured. The biggest instance of obliviousness and shirking of the subject is by all accounts on account of juvenile guys, while immature young ladies will in general get a progressively complete and positive comprehension of homosexuality in the public eye (Herek, Cogan, and Gillis). In spite of the fact that it might be a troublesome subject to examine with kids or permit youngsters to be presented to, contingent upon the individual’s convictions or individual experience and information, it is significant that they give the kids the data important to settle on choices and decisions for themselves. This inclusivity decidedly influences kids since they have the information to acknowledge people who are gay when they interact with them. By and large in the public arena, obliviousness prompts dread, which is a superfluous feeling when managing gay, lesbian, promiscuous or transvestite individuals. Generalizations, explicitly opposing generalizations, are a powerful strategy to advance acknowledgment in children’s TV arrangement. Since uniqueness is so significant and extolled in our Western culture the insubordination of social standards will in general be a decent method to advance change or be taken note. Heteronormative beliefs are no exemption to this standard and along these lines to advance acknowledgment and move away from homophobic thoughts in the media, homosexuality should be progressively noticeable. A genuine case of how conflicting with the standard is a fruitful method to get consideration is the hit TV show The Simpsons. Everything about The Simpsons challenges the American Dream. It condemns the lip service inside the American instructive, strict, political, and financial frameworks (Tinglef). The Simpsons is likewise a case of resistance against hetero standards in light of the fact that there are numerous cases where the primary character, Homer Simpson, acts in a way that is characteristically gay, for example, kissing his secretary Carl, calling his better half Carl in bed, and having his main tune be â€Å"It’s Raining Men† (Dennis 60). There are additionally optional characters that demonstration in a gay manner, for example, Lenny, who sees a paradise brimming with Carls when he is biting the dust. Another model is in Dennis’ study where he watched excellence as a significant and successive event with guys in youthful children’s programs, which is normally a characteristic credited to females. This insubordination of generalizations is significant for TV arrangement since it exhibits the significance of uniqueness in our general public and shows more youthful crowds that since heterosexuality is the standard, it isn't the best way to be. At the point when youngsters comprehend this at a youthful age, they will tend not to keep down gay emotions in the event that they get them sometime down the road. Unpretentious or clear clues are significant viewpoints to children’s programming since they show how gay thoughts, practices, and acts are a piece of present day society. This introduction to subliminal insights actualizes the feeling that these thoughts, practices, and acts are not strange and are to be acknowledged like every single other part of society. While sitting in front of the TV, youngsters regularly observe same-sex couples depicted as private companionships. A model is with menaces Crony and Loomer on Ned’s Declassified School Survival Guide who are in every case together. A few scenes show them doing cliché couple acts, for example, communicating envy if different has an affection intrigue. While considering the show, Dennis saw that in one scene Crony battles to come out about his energy for style configuration, particularly to Loomer, whom he thinks may end their companionship on the off chance that he discovered. Dennis depicts this battle as a figurative coming out as gay, particularly when managing the issue of the â€Å"gender transgressive† enthusiasm for design (741). Clues, for example, those coordinated at cozy companionships and other gay practices decidedly influence the kids watching the projects since they increment the faith in the typicality of obstruction against the hetero standards. Such traces of obstruction can regularly be seen in children’s programming, particularly in vivified arrangement with a high level of imagination (Dennis 744). Because of media presentation, acknowledgment of gay culture has become ncreasingly well known as of late. Gay, lesbian, promiscuous and transvestite individuals are more typical in the media than any other time in recent memory and gay culture is commonly acknowledged in greater urban communities. Gay on-screen characters and characters are additionally getting progressively basic on Harper, 5 TV programs. One model is the TV show The Simpsons with a few standard characters that are obviously gay people, for example, Mr. Smithers, Homer’s secretary Carl, and Marge’s sister Patty. It is significant for young people to see this sort of assorted variety on TV so they can be all the more tolerating in their own networks. The Simpsons was granted an Emmy Award for its eighth season, fifteenth scene, called Homer’s fear for the exercises it gives on homosexuality and acknowledgment. In this scene, a gay motorcade that passes by the Simpsons’ home moves Homer to endeavor to man-up his child, Bart. All through the scene Homer has homophobic concerns and attempts to keep Bart from turning gay, which is a negative exercise for kids, however the show pivots toward the end and Homer guarantees him of his unequivocal love, regardless of whether he is straight or not (Padva 60). Through inclusivity, resisting generalizations, and giving unobtrusively indicates homosexuality in children’s TV programs is expanding mindfulness and acknowledgment in more youthful ages of kids. Despite the fact that the joining of gay motions and references in children’s TV rises the topic of why makers, chiefs, and on-screen characters chose to include them in the first place, regardless of whether it was a deliberate demonstration with political goals, an intentional however kidding fuse, or totally accidental, it became obvious that the impacts are certain and will keep on being sure for whatever length of time that gay portrayal is sure.

If the North Were the South, Same Thing Essay Example for Free

On the off chance that the North Were the South, Same Thing Essay Ricardo Arjona is one of the most prestigious Latin American vocalists. He is described for his socially cognizant and genuine society ditties and rock tunes. What's more, he likewise plays an assortment of styles that join customary South American people music with rock, hip-bounce, and old style music, Arjona sings about subjects running from blurred love to social disparities. In 1996, Arjona composed the tune ÂSi el Norte Fuera el Surâ (If the North were the South), wherein he communicates an emotional, yet honest perspective of what the North American culture is; and how it could change in the event that we trade places with the South. In this tune, Arjona utilizes numerous literactully methods, for example, incongruity and analogies; Arjona additionally includes a kind of in-your-face rock and an intriguing utilization of the electric guitar. There are numerous truly components that this tune has, yet the fundamental component is the plot or subject of the melody, which is quite straight and to the point. ÂSi el Norte Fuera el Surâ (If the North were the South)â's primary plot is an account of how the North could encounter all the social battles that the South Americans nations need to manage, if as the songâ's title propose Â. ÂSi el Norte Fuera el Surâ (If the North were the South). The principle plot is partitioned into three phases; the main stage is the presentation, wherein Arjona offers an emotional input of what the North truly is about. At that point, he moves to the subsequent stage or the body of the melody; during this stage Arjona specifies a progression of notable North American personages and circumstances that assist him with building up his trade of topography. At long last, the third stage or end is when Arjona truly state what the main concern of this is; the way that nothing will truly change. Ricardo Arjona is notable for the rich substance of actually components in his verses, particularly for the bit of incongruity and analogies. ÂCon 18 eres un niã ±o para un trago en algun bar, pero ya eres todo un hombre dad la guerra y dad matar.â (With 18, you are just a kid for a beverage in some bar, yet you are as of now a man to do battle and to slaughter), this is an ideal case of an incongruity of living in the United States, where at 18 years old you can't legitimately drink, yet you are permit to get battle preparing to murder someone. In the songâ's chorale, Arjona says Âal diablo la geografia se acabaron las fronterasâ (The damnation with topography, there arenâ't any outskirts left), in all actuality fringes despite everything exist, except he wasnâ't discussing a truly fringe; Arjona utilized this relationship to disclose to us that we are the equivalent and that our geographic position doesnâ't mean anything. Ricardo Arjona with his remarkable style and utilization of instrument; he has put a kind of no-nonsense stone musicality, which is use to establish a connection in his audience. In this melody, Arjona uses an electric guitar, and a trumpet, with the drums on the back. The musicality began moderate beat, yet solid as though he was angry with the incongruities in the North. At that point, the beat started to run quicker; the drums and the trumpet were kind of making an environment of fervor, it causes you to feel as though you were a protestant of social disparities. At long last, he finishes up with a moderate and overwhelming electric guitar tune, where he then stop for in any event 3 seconds and closes with the words ÂSi el Norte fuera el Sur, seria la misma porqueria, yo cantaria un rap y esta cancion no existiria.â (If the North were the South, it would have been a similar poo, I would be singing a rap and this tune wouldnâ't exist). References http://www.satyamag.com/may03/carter-long.htmlhttp://www.answers.com/subject/ricardo-arjona

The Link Between Borderline Personality and Violence

The Link Between Borderline Personality and Violence BPD Living With BPD Print The Link Between Borderline Personality and Violence By Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD, is a clinical psychologist and associate professor of psychology at Eastern Connecticut State University. Learn about our editorial policy Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Reviewed by Reviewed by Amy Morin, LCSW on July 28, 2019 facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our Wellness Board Amy Morin, LCSW Updated on September 19, 2019 NoSystem Images / Getty Images More in BPD Living With BPD Diagnosis Treatment Related Conditions Borderline personality disorder (BPD)  is a complex mental illness that affects both men and women. Along with strong emotions and feelings, people with BPD can also experience intense anger, known as borderline rage. If you have a family member or loved one who has BPD, its important to understand how violence relates to BPD and how it can be handled.?? Prevalence of Violence in People With BPD There is research demonstrating that both men and women who have committed violent acts have elevated rates of borderline personality disorder compared to the general population. However, this does not necessarily mean that a diagnosis is associated with an increased risk of violence. Impulsive behavior, which includes physical aggression, is one of the diagnostic criteria for BPD, even though someone can meet criteria for the disorder without demonstrating this symptom.?? A large 2016 study in the U.K. found that BPD alone did not suggest a tendency for violence, but did show that those with BPD are more likely to have comorbidities, associated conditions such as anxiety, antisocial personality disorder, and substance abuse which do raise the risk of violence. A systematic search of studies that year confirmed the same finding, with a lack of evidence that BPD alone increases violent behavior.?? There are several reasons why people with BPD are more likely to be violent in their relationships. First, people with BPD are often victims of violence themselves, such as through  child abuse. While its not true for all people, many people with BPD may have learned to use aggression to deal with strong emotions because adults modeled that behavior for them when they were young.?? In addition, people with BPD often experience an unstable sense of self and difficulty trusting others in interpersonal relationships. They may experience very strong emotions if they believe they are being rejected or abandoned; this is known as rejection sensitivity or abandonment sensitivity. These intense feelings of rejection can sometimes lead to aggressive behaviors.?? Finally, people with BPD often have difficulties with impulsive behaviors. When they are experiencing  strong emotions that are typical of the disorder, they may do things without thinking about the consequences. If they engage in violence, it is usually not planned. It is an impulsive act done in the heat of the moment.?? Will My Loved One Be Violent? The information above only provides general information about the link between borderline personality disorder and violence; it is not possible to predict whether one particular individual with BPD will be violent. If your loved one has not shown any violent tendencies or aggression, it is quite possible that she wont be violent. Many individuals with BPD never commit any aggressive acts during their lives. On the other hand, if you are feeling threatened, even if no violence has occurred in your relationship, you should take that seriously. If you already feel unsafe, it is possible the situation could escalate to the point of violence. You should consider getting yourself to a safe place away from that loved one, whether that means getting a hotel or staying with friends. Its important that you are safe before trying to help your friend or family member get help.?? Once you are secure, your best bet is for both of you to seek  professional help  through therapy with a therapist specializing in BPD. This may help you figure out whether the relationship can be improved and may prevent violence from happening in the future. Therapy can also help you decide whether this is a relationship worth saving. The therapist can also recommend a course of treatment to help your loved one get on the path to recovery.?? Preparing Ahead When You Have BPD Having a diagnosis of BPD not only may increase the risk of violence against others but against self. Self-harm is a common issue for many individuals living with BPD. Some therapists recommend that people fill out a safety plan for borderline personality disorder. This safety plan can be helpful not only in preparing for possible violent or suicidal thoughts but can help you identify triggers in your daily life.?? Striking Statistics About Borderline Personality Disorder in the U.S.

Cultural Influence on Interpersonal Relations - 275 Words

Cultural Influence on Interpersonal Relations (Essay Sample) Content: NameStudent IDInstructorDateArab cultureThe Arabic culture is very diverse and exemplifies a society whose people are etiquette and kind. However, many Arabs keep their personal information private portraying them as monochromic. Issues like family matters, personal problems or spouse related problems are a secret even to close friends. However, in their office operations, Arabs are but polychromic. Open office door structures, carrying out multiple tasks at the same time and flexible schedule of their activities characterizes Arabs (Usunier and Lee 123). They often hold their business transactions with less confidentiality relative to those from western countries.Arabs maintain a high context culture when holding out their communication. They believe that their communication partners understand the basic principles and subject of the conversation. Moreover, they employ human touch as a means of relaying further indirect information and creating close relationship wit h their business partners (Usunier and Lee 83).Arabs culture emphasizes on the importance of respect, etiquette and kindness in communication. For these reasons, verbal communication provides the best mode of communication for the Arabs. Besides passing on message, communication among Arabs should entail more than just conveying a message but also aim at creating a long lasting relationship (Usunier and Lee 78). Technological advancements have prompted revolution in many sectors of organizational structure. Worth noting is the influence of telecommunication in reforming the office structures that have, over time observed standard architectural design. Current office design aims at allowing easy flow of information from one office to another, centralizing interrelated departments and maintaining an office structure that outlines the organizational scalar of chain (Tapscott 7).However, w...

Facts About Eoraptor, the Worlds First Dinosaur

Lee-Enfield Rifle in World War I and II

The Lee-Enfield was the primary infantry rifle used by British and Commonwealth forces during the first half of the 20th century. Introduced in 1895, it was a magazine-fed, bolt-action rifle that replaced the earlier Lee-Metford. Constantly improved and enhanced, the Lee-Enfield moved through a multitude of variants during its service life. The Short Lee-Enfield (SMLE) Mk. III was the principal rifle used during World War I, while the Rifle No. 4 version saw extensive service in World War II. Variants of the Lee-Enfield remained the British Armys standard rifle until 1957. The weapon and its derivatives continued to be used around the world. Development The Lee-Enfield traces it roots back to 1888, when the British Army adopted the Magazine Rifle Mk. I, also known as the Lee-Metford. Created by James P. Lee, the rifle utilized a cock-on-closing bolt with rear locking lugs, and was designed to fire the British .303 black powder cartridge. The design of the action permitted easier and faster operation than similar German Mauser designs of the day. With the shift to smokeless powder (cordite), problems began to arise with the Lee-Metford as the new propellant caused greater heat and pressure which wore away the barrels rifling. To address this issue, the Royal Small Arms Factory at Enfield designed a new square-shaped rifling system which proved resistant to wear. Combining Lees bolt-action with the Enfield barrel led to the production of the first Lee-Enfields in 1895. Designated .303 caliber, Rifle, Magazine, Lee-Enfield, the weapon was frequently referred to as the MLE (Magazine Lee-Enfield) or the Long Lee in reference to its barrel length. Among the upgrades incorporated into the MLE, was a 10-round detachable magazine. This was initially debated as some critics feared that soldiers would lose it in the field. In 1899, both the MLE and the cavalry carbine version saw service during the Boer War in South Africa. During the conflict, problems arose regarding the weapons accuracy and a lack of charger loading. Officials at Enfield began working to address these issues, as well as to create a single weapon for both infantry and cavalry use. The result was the Short Lee-Enfield (SMLE) Mk. I, which possessed charger loading (2 five-round chargers) and vastly improved sights. Entering service in 1904, the design was further refined over the next three years to produce the iconic SMLE Mk. III. Lee Enfield Mk. III Cartridge: .303 BritishCapacity: 10 roundsMuzzle Velocity: 2,441 ft./sec.Effective Range: 550 yds.Weight: approx. 8.8 lbs.Length: 44.5 in.Barrel Length: 25 in.Sights: Sliding ramp rear sights, fixed-post front sights, dial long-range volley sightsAction: Bolt-actionNumber Built: approx. 17 million Short Lee-Enfield Mk. III Introduced on January 26, 1907, the SMLE Mk. III possessed a modified chamber capable of firing the new Mk. VII High Velocity spitzer .303 ammunition, a fixed charger guide, and simplified rear sights. The standard British infantry weapon of World War I, the SMLE Mk. III soon proved too complicated for industry to produce in sufficient numbers to meet wartime needs. To deal with this problem, a stripped down version was designed in 1915. Dubbed the SMLE Mk. III*, it did away with the Mk. IIIs magazine cut-off, volley sights, and rear-sight windage adjustment. British forces with their SMLE Mk. IIIs in the trenches during World War I. Public Domain During the conflict, the SMLE proved a superior rifle on the battlefield and one capable of keeping up high rates of accurate fire. Many stories recount German troops reporting encountering machine gun fire, when in fact they had met trained British troops equipped with SMLEs. In the years after the war, Enfield attempted to permanently address the Mk. IIIs production issues. This experiment resulted in the SMLE Mk. V which possessed a new receiver-mounted aperture sighting system and a magazine cut-off. Despite their efforts, the Mk. V proved to be more difficult and costly to build than the Mk. III. World War II In 1926, the British Army changed its nomenclature and the Mk. III became known as Rifle No. 1 Mk. III. Over the next few years, Enfield continued to improve the weapon, ultimately producing the Rifle No. 1, Mk. VI in 1930. Retaining the Mk. Vs rear aperture sights and magazine cut-off, it introduced a new floating barrel. With tensions in Europe rising, the British began searching for a new rifle in the late 1930s. This resulted in the design of the Rifle No. 4 Mk. I. Though approved in 1939, large-scale production did not begin until 1941, forcing British troops to begin World War II with the No. 1 Mk. III. While British forces in Europe deployed with the No. 1 Mk. III, ANZAC and other Commonwealth troops retained their No. 1 Mk. III*s which remained popular due to their simple, easy to produce design. With the arrival of the No. 4 Mk. I, British forces obtained a version of the Lee-Enfield that possessed the updates of the No. 1 Mk. VIs, but was heavier than their old No. Mk. IIIs due to a longer barrel. During the war, the Lee-Enfields action was utilized in a variety of weapons such as jungle carbines (Rifle No. 5 Mk. I), commando carbines (De Lisle Commando), and an experimental automatic rifle (Charlton AR). Post-World War II: With end of hostilities, the British produced a final update of the venerable Lee-Enfield, the Rifle No. 4, Mk. 2. All existing stocks of No. Mk. Is were updated to the Mk. 2 standard. The weapon remained the primary rifle in the British inventory until the adoption of the L1A1 SLR in 1957. It is still used by some Commonwealth militaries today, though it is more commonly found in ceremonial, reserve force, and police roles. The Ishapore Rifle Factory in India began producing a derivative of the No. 1 Mk. III in 1962.

Autobiography of a Yogi Summary - 2861 Words

Introduction In 1946, the book simply titled Autobiography of a Yogi was published. It was written by a hitherto unknown saint from India named Paramahansa Yogananda. Paramahansa Yogananda was an Indian Yogi who left the shores of India in 1920 to teach God realization to people of the West. In this inspiring book, he describes his meetings with miracle performing yogis in India such as the levitating saint, a tiger fighting swami, a yogi who bilocates and other great saints search for a guru, and his encounters with leading spiritual figures such as Therese Neumann, the Hindu saint Sri Anandamoyi Ma, Mohandas Gandhi, Rabindranath Tagore, Nobel Prize winning physicist Sir C. V. Raman, and noted American plant scientist Luther Burbank, to†¦show more content†¦Spiritual lineage and influences Lahiri Mahasaya was the guru of Yoganandas parents and also the guru of Sri Yukteswar, Yoganandas guru. At the age of 8, Yogananda was instantly healed of cholera after his mothers insistence that he pray to Lahiri Mahasaya. Beginning with chapter 31 of his autobiography, Yogananda spends the next five chapters interweaving the life of Lahiri Mahasaya with that of Lahiri Mahasayas guru, Mahavatar Babaji. Using the stories and biographical facts collected on his return trip to India in 1935 from various disciples of Lahiri Mahasaya (including the wife of Lahiri Mahasaya) as well as Yoganandas own personal testimony, he pays tribute to the three individuals whose lives and collective influence became inseparable from his own life and teachings: Mahavatar Babaji, his chief disciple Lahiri Mahasaya, and his own guru Sri Yukteswar. The guru-disciple relationship Yoganandas lifelong search for his guru ended when he met Swami Sri Yukteswar. Even though Yogananda described many saints and miracle workers in his book, his relationship with Sri Yukteswar was unique. Yogananda spent several years being trained by Sri Yukteswar for the ultimate mission of spreading the science of yoga to the west. The wisdom of Sri Yukteswar, and the many spiritual lessons that Yogananda learned at his gurus feet are described in the chapter Years in My Masters Hermitage. His guru also bestowed on Yogananda theShow MoreRelatedDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesWhat Are Management Skills? 9 Improving Management Skills 12 An Approach to Skill Development 13 Leadership and Management 16 Contents of the Book 18 Organization of the Book 19 Practice and Application 21 Diversity and Individual Differences 21 Summary 23 SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL 24 Diagnostic Survey and Exercises 24 Personal Assessment of Management Skills (PAMS) 24 What Does It Take to Be an Effective Manager? 28 SSS Software In-Basket Exercise 30 SCORING KEY AND COMPARISON DATA 42 Personal Assessment

Essay on Environmental Differences - 793 Words

Environmental differences affected social, political, and economic institutions in the Delhi Sultanate, the Swahili city-states, and Mali. Many of these differences helped the civilizations, but some affected them badly. Mali had abundant rainfall and a very tropic climate which helped with the fertile soil in the area for farming. Although there was also high mountain ranges and plateaus that had cooler weather and shorter growing seasons. Malians adapted to this tropic climate by using their positive environmental factors to outweigh their negatives. Although the mountainous regions took space from farming areas, there was abundant wild food and fish that helped the Malian civilization develop without farming, agriculture, or herding.†¦show more content†¦These ports and ships would have to be fixed every sea travel because although they used higher value metals for their ships, most ships still couldn’t without the strong tidal waves mostly because this trading sys tem occurred in 1200 C.E. Communication was also a big problem that people had to adapt to, to participate in the Indian Ocean trading system. Miscommunication usually occurred from the environment and weather. Messengers would be delayed because of the weather patterns and environment. People that participated in the Indian Ocean trading system had to use more durable wagons and once again, ships. 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Divorce and Its Impact on the Family Free Essays

string(80) " their line pure and to improve their power, this would go for royalty as well\." Introduction A significant and often heated debate has been in progress for years regarding the effect of divorce on the family, and more specifically, on children of different ages. On the one side, there are writers, theorists and scholars who argue that divorce does not affect the children over the long term and on the other side are those who argue that divorce has a negative effect on the children for all their lives. It is indeed impossible to make a clear and definitive conclusion based on the research studies that have been conducted over the years. We will write a custom essay sample on Divorce and Its Impact on the Family or any similar topic only for you Order Now Each investigator argues strongly for their own conclusions, providing statistical evidence to support those conclusions. Does divorce have a negative impact on children, regardless of age when the divorce occurs? Does divorce have more impact on specific age ranges of children? If divorce has a negative impact on children, then, how long does that impact last? Do adult children of divorced parents find it easier to blame all their failures and pitfalls on their parents’ divorce instead of taking responsibility for their own actions through the years? These are the only some of the questions that underlie the problem: What impact does divorce have on the children. Very few definitions are needed regarding this investigation: †¢Children means the children of the parents who get divorced, regardless of age. Thus, â€Å"children† refers to adolescents as well as younger children. When a specific age range is meant, that will be clarified in the text. †¢Divorce means that the couple has gone through the legal process of divorce and are, thus, no longer legally married. †¢Absent father refers to those fathers who do not keep in contact with their children subsequent to a divorce. Also, the absent father does not contribute to the children’s support. †¢Custodial parent refers to the parent who has legal primary custody of the children. First a brief overview of what marriage and divorce was throughout history, and what would happen to those children after the divorce was finalized Marriage and Divorce in History The roots of marriage can be traced back to time of the Romans and Greeks. For the Greeks and Romans marriage wasn’t really something of a choice. It was more of a family obligation and a way to help the family gain higher status. Marriage in Roman times was often not at all romantic. Rather, it was an agreement between families. Men would usually marry in their mid-twenties, while women married while they were still in their early teens. As they reached these ages, their parents would consult with friends to find suitable partners that could improve the family’s wealth or class. †(PBS) Women really didn’t have a choice in who they married, they were chosen by their fathers. And even for the men, love wasn’t taken into account because it was up to the parents who they married. The actual marriage in Roman times was very simple. The couple would just have to declare their desire to live with each other in front of both families. Divorce in this time was just as easy as marriage. â€Å"Just as marriage was only a declaration of intent to live together, divorce was just a declaration of a couple’s intent not to live together. All that the law required was that they declare their wish to divorce before seven witnesses. † (PBS) Divorce was a very common thing for the Romans. The only condition was the woman would get her dowry back, and she would move back in with her father. If the wife was divorced because of adultery only half of her dowry was given back. The laws did not mention anything about husbands as they could not be divorced because of an adulterous they have committed. It is assumed that children were left with the father as men were the law in Roman times. Not much is known on what happened to the children after a divorce, whether they are allowed to see their mother or not, if the mothers were allowed to keep the children, or if the child’s best interests were ever a factor for who got to keep them after the divorce. Marriage in African countries was relatively similar to the Greeks and Romans, but with a few changes. Marriage signified a union between two families. â€Å"The death of a husband did not terminate the union of families. Upon a husband’s death a relative would assume his role. † (Simon and Altstein) Marriage was more of a binding contract than anything else. The woman being married didn’t really matter in the long run either as if she died or was unable to bare children, a younger sister would take over her role as the wife â€Å"But the wife wasn’t fully excepted until she gave birth to her first child. (Simon and Altstein) The actual marriage didn’t really require that much, just consent from both parties and their guardians, as well as some form of payment from the husband’s family to the wife’s. This would most likely be cattle. There wasn’t really any ceremony like today; it was more of a series of rituals. Divorce was a simple thing for Africans. Grounds for divorce were; adultery, desertion, insanity for at least seven years, and being imprisoned for more than five years. The children would normally have been given to the father, but in more recent times the child would go with whichever parent was more able to take care of them. If a child was old enough to make up their own mind the court would consider who they wished to live with, but that didn’t always mean the child’s pick would be the one he/she would be given to. In the 1500’s after the Reformation, a change in how marriages and divorces were performed occurred. The peasants were allowed to marry whomever they choose, but the nobles still kept with the arranged marriages to keep their line pure and to improve their power, this would go for royalty as well. You read "Divorce and Its Impact on the Family" in category "Family" Marriage then became a public affair, and it was considered part of the earthly kingdom instead of the heavenly kingdom. This meant that vows would be made in public before the church consummated the marriage. Prior to this the Church was in charge of marriage and divorce but they lost that power with the coming of the Reformation. â€Å"Marital disputes would be tried before a civil court, not a Church court. The Church did not have legal authority over marriage. †(Simon and Altstein) Also laws that prohibited the marriage of clerics, monks, and nuns were also rejected. Divorces were allowed as long as there was just cause. Cause included impotence, sexual incompatibility, abuse and acts of incest. † (Simon and Altstein) The average length of a marriage was only fifteen years at the time, but this was caused more by death, than by divorce. In more recent times a decision was made by the courts of the United Kingdom that they will not longer decide which parent the child should custody of. The parents were to make the decision together and stick with it, only if they can not agree will the court make one, this decision can not be argued. In the United States of America, arriage is â€Å"the legal union of a man and a woman as husband and wife, and a spouse is a husband or wife of the opposite sex. † (Simon and Altstein) Only men and women are allowed to be married to each other, in some states though same-sex civil unions are allowed. The church is where the marriage is held but the state must approve the marriage for it to be final. The laws of marriage vary from state to state. In the United States of America divorce rates are very close or over fifty percent. Divorce varies on the state as well but some form is permitted by every state. Thirty-four states have adopted no-fault divorce in addition to traditional grounds for divorce. † (Simon and Altstein) As for the children, their wishes are considered by all but four states. The effects in which those children concur will be explained later. Literature Review The literature regarding the impact of di vorce on children is voluminous. It is also highly contradictory and heated in terms of debate. Anyone investigating this topic can find research studies to support their own opinions no matter what that opinion is. We begin by offering some data regarding divorce. In the United States, one out of every two marriages will end in divorce (Marano, 2000). Despite this devastating statistic, 90 percent of Americans will marry (Marano, 2000). Of those individuals who divorce their first spouse, 75 percent will remarry, even though their first marriage ended (Marano, 2000). Given that so many divorced individuals simply live with other persons or combine the homes with others without the sanction of legal marriage, the figure for â€Å"remarriages† escalates significantly when these people are included (Marano, 2000). Out of all second marriages, 60 percent end in divorce (Marano, 2000). It is not just in the U. S. that a large proportion of marriages fail. The BBC reported that one in seven marriages (16. 4 percent) end in divorce in the United Kingdom (2000). The divorce rate differs dramatically by location in the UK, for example, in Biggleswade, only 6 percent of marriages end in divorce but in Skelmersdale in Lancashire, 32. 4 percent of marriages end in divorce (BBC, 2000). The divorce rates have risen in most European countries, as well (Bjornberg, nd). The highest rates are found in Denmark, Sweden, Estonia and the United Kingdom (Bjornberg, nd). In the year 2000, there were 45,500 divorces, a new high (Victorian State Conference of Teams, 2001). Anyone who has kept up with public mass media also knows that the divorce rate in China has escalated to as much as 25 percent in recent years. It has become such an issue that the government began debating about a new law that would make adultery a crime and that would put further restrictions on divorce in that country. Most of the research regarding the impact of divorce on children has been conducted in the United States and the United Kingdom. Two of the primary and most discussed studies contradict each other, which has come to be known as the â€Å"Hetherington-Wallerstein debate–a battle of superstars† (Corliss, 2002, p. 40). Hetherington argues that â€Å"75% to 80% of children of divorce function well, with little long-term harm to their adult lives† and Wallerstein argues that â€Å"the damaging effects of divorce on children are cumulative, and the major impact comes in adulthood† (Corliss, 2002, p. 0). Wallerstein first published her findings in a book in 1971; this was then updated in another book entitled The Unexpected Legacy of Divorce: A 25 Year Landmark Study in 2000 (Corliss, 2002). In the most recent book, Wallerstein concluded that divorce leads to depression, juvenile delinquency, poor grades, among other things and that the divorce affects people wel l into adulthood (Corliss, 2002). Hetherington published her findings in a co-authored book (with John Kelly) entitled For Better or For Worse: Divorce Reconsidered (Corliss, 2002). In this book, Hetherington and Kelly argue â€Å"that 75% to 80% of children of divorce are functioning well, with little long-term damage† (Corliss, 2002, p. 40). Hetherington and Kelly tracked nearly 1,400 families and more than 2,500 children, some for three decades and concluded: Within two years of their parents’ divorce, the vast majority of children are beginning to function reasonably well again (Corliss, 2002, p. 40). 70 percent of divorced parents are living happier lives than they did before divorce (Corliss, 2002, p. 0). Some women and girls turned out to be more competent, able people than if they had stayed in unhappy family situations (Corliss, 2002, p. 40). In Hetherington’s study, 25 percent of the children from divorced families had serious emotional, psychological or social problems (Corliss, 2002). This compares to 10 percent of children from families that remain intact (Corliss, 2002). Still, it is a much smaller proportion than many other st udies, including Wallerstein’s. Cudina and Obradovic summarized a great deal of the research, most of which concludes that children from divorced families are â€Å"more aggressive and depressive†; â€Å"more prone to anxiety†; and â€Å"of a generally poorer adjustment than children living in intact families† (2001, p. 247). The instability of the marriage also affects boys and girls differently, for instance, â€Å"boys are more often found to be more vulnerable† and â€Å"more aggressive and displayed more behavioural problems than girls† (Cudina and Obradovic, 2001, p. 247). It should be pointed out, however, that the gender differences found have not been consistent. Another finding is that the reaction of children seem to differ according to age when the divorce occurs (Cudina and Obradovic, 2001). For instance, the research suggests that â€Å"emotional response being more intense for children younger than 6, and for those in early adolescence at the time of parental divorce† (Cudina and Obradovic, 2001, p. 247). There is also a substantial amount of research that concludes that â€Å"prolonged parental marital distress could be even more damaging to the child’s emotional and social development than parental divorce† (Cudina and Obradovic, 2001, p. 47). Fighting, conflict, violence all combine to make the child feel insecure and unstable as well as fearful (Cudina and Obradovic, 2001). Mitigating factors that affect the impact of divorce on children have been identified as the availability of the noncustodial parent, the relationship between the parents after the divorce, the quality of the parent-child relationships with b oth parents, and the degree of economic hardship and stress the child experiences after the divorce (Cudina and Obradovic, 2001). Because the overwhelming majority of research has been conduced in English-speaking countries, Cudina and Obradovic studied the impact of divorce on children in Croatia, a society that is very different in many ways from the United States and other English-speaking nations (Cudina and Obradovic, 2001). Croatia is smaller, has a relatively low GNP and in most ways can be considered a developing nation (Cudina and Obradovic, 2001). The divorce rate in Croatia has increased over the last 30 years, rising from 13. 5 percent in 1962 to 17. percent in 1996 (Cudina and Obradovic, 2001). The Croatian family reflects a myriad of both traditional and modern values (Cudina and Obradovic, 2001). Nonetheless, there is still a stigma attached to divorced individuals in Croatia (Cudina and Obradovic, 2001). Cudina and Obradovic found that Croatian children respond in much the same way as children in other countries – children of divorced parents are more emotionally unstable and more depress ive than children from intact families (Cudina and Obradovic, 2001). The study did not support the premise that children suffer equally negative effects from living in a home where the parents are in conflict as do the children from divorced parents (Cudina and Obradovic, 2001). They study also confirmed that the degree of impact is related to age – younger children showed more emotional distress than did older children (Cudina and Obradovic, 2001). Hyatt reported that the adjustment of the children is primarily dependent on the parents and how they behave after the divorce (1999). Hyatt was reporting a study conducted at Iowa State University and reported in the Journal of Marriage and the Family. Simons, who led the research investigation team, said that â€Å"Even though divorce more than doubles the risk for emotional and behavioral problems in both boys and girls, the good news is that the vast majority of children from divorced families do just fine. . . . What is essential for kids is that they be parented well. If mom and dad continue to persevere in their parenting, are warm and supportive, monitor the kids and are consistent in discipline, the risk for conduct problems is no greater than in two-parent families. This is a more optimistic scenario than is often assert† (Hyatt, 1999). This was also a longitudinal study that involves 600 families and is ongoing (Hyatt, 1999). Theoretical Foundations Attachment theory would seem to be the most appropriate theory to discuss in terms of the effects of divorce on children. Beginning in infancy, the child develops an attachment to the parent through interactions with the parent. According to Bowlby, an interruption or disruption of the attachment relationship can result in psychopathology (Garelli, 1997). Research indicates that the formation of attachments in infancy and childhood contribute to healthy adulthood (Galston, 1996; Fields, 1996). Research also indicates that when the attachment is disrupted, the child may well suffer both emotional and physical traumas affecting their ability to function today and in their future life (Galston, 1996; Fields, 1996). Divorce is an event that disrupts attachments. Attachment theory asserts that children do develop attachment feelings to people, places and objects. Research concludes that attachments are essential for good mental health. One study in Israel concluded that â€Å"Attachment between parent and child plays a crucial role in the healthy development of the child. Accordingly disturbances in parental bonding will be linked with the development of mental disorders later in life† (Canetti et al, 1997, p. 381). Note that the need for attachment is for all children. Divorce does not necessarily mean that the child’s attachment to the noncustodial parent would be eliminated by the divorce. Discussion, Summary and Conclusions As can be seen from the few research studies presented, there is a heated debate and strong controversy regarding the effects of divorce on the family. There is equally strong evidence to support either side of the debate. That leaves the reader with a strong question as to how much divorce actually does affect the future development and adult life of the divorced family. There is no perfect study, which means that every study has its limitations. More studies suggest that children face significant effects when their parents divorce. It does seem, however, that the impact of a divorce on a child would be dependent upon the circumstances and the subsequent behaviors of the parents involved. More studies in recent years are pointing to this premise. If the parents both continue parenting and they parent well, a far smaller proportion of children will experience significant negative effects than what has been said in the past. If the parents continue their fighting and place the child in the middle of that fighting, then, common sense would tell us that the child will have any number of psychological and emotional problems as a result. It is important to note the studies that have compared children of divorced parents to children of parents who stayed married but whose relationship was so unstable. Certainly, living with verbal conflict and loud fighting between the parents has a devastating effect on the child. Living with parents where spousal abuse is prevalent would have tragic effects on the child, worse effects than would a divorce. Even the researchers who conclude that a small percentage of children experience serious problems after a divorce, clearly state that they are no promoting divorce and that children will develop more securely and more positively if the family is kept intact – except when violence and abuse is present. The conclusions, in other words, do not support divorce; they are simply saying the outlook for these children is not as bleak as has been publicized. There is another issue that one must also look at. These kinds of studies rely a great deal on interviews with the survivors of divorce. It is very convenient for many of these adults or older adolescents to blame all the problems in their lives on their parents’ divorce. Scapegoating is very prevalent in today’s society – people simply do not want to take responsibility for their own lives. The conclusion of this paper must be that: 1. Divorce will have an effect on children – to think otherwise is naive. 2. Children of divorced families do not automatically develop serious emotional and psychological problems. 3. The full effect of divorce on children will depend on how the parents behave after the divorce, the degree of attachment that was in existence prior to the divorce and the child’s own mental state/stability at the time of the divorce. REFERENCES BBC. (2000, November 15). The capital of happy ever after. Retrieved April 05, 2007, BBC Web Site: http://news. bbc. co. uk/hi/english/uk/newsid_1024000/1024963. stm Bjornberg, Dr. Ull. (nd). Children and their Families/Children and Society. 2002, Retrieved April 05, 2007, Council of EuropeConseil de l’Europe Web Site: http://eurochild. gla. ac. uk/Documents/CoE/Reports/estud/Estud_2. htm Canetti, Laura, Bachar, Eytan, Weisstub, Esti Galili, De-Nour, Atara Kaplan Shalev, Arieh Y. (1997, Summer). Parental Bonding And Mental Health In Adolescence. Adolescence 32(126), 381 – 395. Corliss, Richard. (2002, January 28). Does Divorce Hurt Kids? Time 159(4), 40 Cudina, Mira Obradovic, Josip. (2001, Spring). Child’s Emotional Well-being and Parental Marriage Stability in Croatia. Journal of Comparative Family Studies 32(2), 247. Field, Tiffany. (1996, Annual). Attachment And Separation In Young Children. Annual Review of Psychology 47, 541-562. Galston, William A. (1996, June). Divorce American style. The Public Interest, 12 – 27. Garelli, Juan Carlos. (1997). Controversial Aspects Of Bowlby’s Attachment Theory. Bowlby’s Theory of Attachment. Retrieved April 03, 2007, Attachment Research Center at St. John’s University Web Site: http://rdz. stjohns. edu/lists/bowlby-l/ Hyatt, Kay. (1999, November 19). Children’s Adjustment to Divorce Largely in Hands of Parents. Retrieved April 03 2007, National Council on Family Relations Web Site: http://www. cfr. org/pdf/childr_1. pdf Marano, Hara Estroff. (2000, March). Divorced? Psychology Today 33(2), 56. Simon, R. J. , Altstein, H. (2003). Marriage and Divorce (pp. 5-7, 29-34). New York: Lexington Books. Victorian State Conference of Teams. (2001, October). Looking forward in Confidence. A Married Couple’s Movement: Conferenc e Reports Proceedings Web Site: http://www. tol-oceania. catholic. org. au/publications_vicconf. htm#Victorian%20State%20Conference Weddings, Marriage Divorce. (n. d. ). Retrieved April 25, 2007, from http://www. pbs. org/empires/romans/empire/weddings. html How to cite Divorce and Its Impact on the Family, Essays

Thomas Jefferson Against His Republican Ideals Essay Example For Students

Thomas Jefferson Against His Republican Ideals Essay While Thomas Jefferson was President of the United States, some of his actions conflicted his beliefs and the beliefs of his supporters in the Republican party. For example, he was elected as a highly pacifistic President, but he ended up leading the country toward war. War came about when more money was being given to piratical Algiers than it would have cost to fight a war. This caused Jefferson to rethink his ideas about involving the nation in war. The showdown finally came in 1801. The Pasha of Tripoli declared war on the United States indirectly, and Jefferson was forced to make a decision against his own beliefs his pacifism, his criticism against big-ship navies all faded before him. He sent the nations infant army to the shores of Tripoli and, after 4 years of fighting, Jefferson was finally able to sign a peace treaty from Tripoli. Also contrary to his own thoughts against huge navies, Jefferson ordered that two hundred tiny gunboats be constructed, which were virtually defenseless and would have been better off had they never been built. In addition to all this, the passionate hater of war who hated alliances which entangled nations together, Jefferson proposed to make an alliance with England, then an enemy, against France, a long-time ally, with the object of waging a defensive war against France on American soil. The Republican party also favored small government, with little power given to the federal government, especially the President. Jefferson broke away from these beliefs also by his purchase of Louisiana from Spain. Nowhere in the Constitution, which he followed passionately, was there anything that gave the President the authorization to negotiate treaties, especially when it involved doubling the size of the union and allowing 50,000 non-Americans to live on this newly acquired land. Since his conscience bothered him, Jefferson secretly proposed an amendment to the Constitution which would grant him more power. This amendment failed, however, and he was forced to let the country know that his actions were unconstitutional. This change of ideals actually helped Jefferson to become re-elected. He breezed through the election of 1804, winning 162 electoral votes, as opposed to the 14 gained by his Federalist opponent. It was not that he imposed his Republican ideas on the Federalists, but that he did exactly the opposite. Jefferson actually was elected as Republican president, but he adopted many Federalist principles and embraced them as his own. This is how the most bipartisan President in history was able to come to power in one of the most bitterly partisan periods in Americas history.Bibliography:

The Enlightenment Essay Example For Students

The Enlightenment Essay The Enlightenment is a name given by historians to an intellectual movement that was predominant in the Western world during the 18th century. Strongly influenced by the rise of modern science and by the aftermath of the long religious conflict that followed the Reformation, the thinkers of the Enlightenment (called philosophes in France) were committed to secular views based on reason or human understanding only, which they hoped would provide a basis for beneficial changes affecting every area of life and thought.The more extreme and radical philosophes-Denis Diderot, Claude Adrien Helvetius, Baron dHolbach, the Marquis de Condorcet, and Julien Offroy de La Mettrie (1709-51)advocated a philosophical rationalism deriving its methods from science and natural philosophy that would replace religion as the means of knowing nature and destiny of humanity; these men were materialists, pantheists, or atheists. We will write a custom essay on The Enlightenment specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Other enlightened thinkers, such as Pierre Bayle, Voltaire, David Hume, Jean Le Rond Dalembert, and Immanuel Kant, opposed fanaticism, but were either agnostic or left room for some kind of religious faith.All of the philosophes saw themselves as continuing the work of the great 17th century pioneers-Francis Bacon, Galileo, Descartes, Leibnitz, Isaac Newton, and John Locke-who had developed fruitful methods of rational and empirical inquiry and had demonstrated the possibility of a world remade by the application of knowledge for human benefit. The philosophes believed that science could reveal nature as it truly is and show how it could be controlled and manipulated. This belief provided an incentive to extend scientific methods into every field of inquiry, thus laying the groundwork for the development of the modern social sciences. The enlightened understanding of human nature was one that emphasized the right to self-expression and human fulfillment, the right to think freely and express ones views publicly without censorship or fear of repression. Voltaire admired the freedom he found in England and fostered the spread of English ideas on the Continent. He and his followers opposed the intolerance of the established Christian churches of their day, as well as the European governments that controlled and suppressed dissenting opinions. For example, the social disease which Pangloss caught from Paquette was traced to a very learned Franciscan and later to a Jesuit. Also, Candide reminisces that his passion for Cunegonde first developed at a Mass. More conservative enlightened thinkers, concerned primarily with efficiency and administrative order, favored the enlightened despotism of such monarchs as Emperor Joseph II, Frederick II of Prussia, and Catherine II of Russia.Enlightened political thought expressed demands for equality and justice and for the legal changes needed to realize these goals. Set forth by Baron de Montesquieu, the changes were more boldly urged by the contributors to the great Encyclopedie edited in Paris by Diderot between 1747 and 1772, by Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Cesare Beccaria, and finally by Jeremy Bentham, whose utilitarianism was the culmination of a long debate on happiness and the means of achieving it. The political writers of the Enlightenment built on and extended the rationalistic, republican, and natural-law theories that had been evolved in the previous century as the bases of law, social peace, and just order. As they did so, they also elaborated novel doctrines of popular sovereignty that the 19th century would transform into a kind of nationalism that contradicted the individualistic outlook of the philosophes. Among those who were important in this development were historians such as Voltaire, Hume, William Robertson, Edward Gibbon, and Giambattista Vico. Their work showed that although all peoples shared a common human nature, each nation and every age also had distinctive characteristics that made it unique. .u2bdeeb15dee0a7704698ad9fa276bc6d , .u2bdeeb15dee0a7704698ad9fa276bc6d .postImageUrl , .u2bdeeb15dee0a7704698ad9fa276bc6d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2bdeeb15dee0a7704698ad9fa276bc6d , .u2bdeeb15dee0a7704698ad9fa276bc6d:hover , .u2bdeeb15dee0a7704698ad9fa276bc6d:visited , .u2bdeeb15dee0a7704698ad9fa276bc6d:active { border:0!important; } .u2bdeeb15dee0a7704698ad9fa276bc6d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2bdeeb15dee0a7704698ad9fa276bc6d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2bdeeb15dee0a7704698ad9fa276bc6d:active , .u2bdeeb15dee0a7704698ad9fa276bc6d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2bdeeb15dee0a7704698ad9fa276bc6d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2bdeeb15dee0a7704698ad9fa276bc6d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2bdeeb15dee0a7704698ad9fa276bc6d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2bdeeb15dee0a7704698ad9fa276bc6d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2bdeeb15dee0a7704698ad9fa276bc6d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2bdeeb15dee0a7704698ad9fa276bc6d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2bdeeb15dee0a7704698ad9fa276bc6d .u2bdeeb15dee0a7704698ad9fa276bc6d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2bdeeb15dee0a7704698ad9fa276bc6d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: True Brand Loyalty Essay These paradoxes were explored by early romantics such as Johann Georg Hamman and Johann Gottfried von Herder.Everywhere the Enlightenment produced restless men impatient for change but frustrated by popular ignorance and official repression. This gave the enlightened literati an interest in popular education. They promoted educational ventures and sought in witty, amusing, and even titillating ways to educate and awaken their contemporaries. The stories of Bernard Le Bovier de Fontenelle or Benjamin Franklin, the widely imitated essays of Joseph Addison and Richard Steele, and many dictionaries, handbooks, and encyclopedias produced by the enlightened were written to popularize, simplify, and promote a more reasonable view of life among the people

GRE Writing Sample - Writing Sample Issue Essay Prompt

GRE Writing Sample - Writing Sample Issue Essay PromptWriting sample issue essays can be a challenge for students who are unfamiliar with the writing rules and conventions of the GRE Writing Sample. Some of these students have to prepare GRE sample essay samples, in addition to preparing GRE test questions. These students need to keep up with the writing trends in each year's Writing Supplement. They must be familiar with all the rules and styles in each year's Writing Supplement, or else they may not get anywhere.In the first few years after the GRE Writing Supplement is released, most schools use the same general format. That is, they put the GRE Writing Sample in the first chapter of the year-long text and then put the test questions in the third and fourth chapters of the text.This format lets a student write about any subject matter that interests him or her and then start writing about great topics. The most common topics for writing sample issue essays are the history of Ameri ca and economics.The history of America is good topics for writing sample essays. In fact, it is usually the one thing that every GRE Writing Sample testee studies for in the practice tests. It gives the student an opportunity to spend time thinking about the history of America.Many students think they know everything about America and write about them all in their GRE Writing Sample essay. There is only one problem: Most students who do this and receive the top score on their writing sample test do not even know what to write about. They learn how to do their preparation correctly in the practice tests. If you wish to perform as well as most students, your GRE Writing Sample essay should always be about the history of America.Examiners are always concerned about the format and tone of the essays. Sometimes, they will inspect them first to see how they read and speak. You will be surprised to see that examiners don't particularly care about the content.You can write the GRE Writing Sample that they need you to write if you are prepared. Once you have created a document that clearly illustrates your experience, you can use it in your essay. You can use this information to relate it to events that took place in the last fifty years. In other words, you can use it to give more credibility to your experiences.You should make sure that you use the GRE Writing Sample in your writing. If you create a generic essay and send it in, you may find that your efforts fail. If you make a unique essay, you will have the chance to include a unique point to show how you have learned new things in your life.

The Best Multiplication Table + 9 Tips for Easy Multiplication

The Best Multiplication Table + 9 Tips for Easy Multiplication SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Whether you're planning to take the SAT soon or just want tobrush up on your basic math skills, knowing your times tables and multiples is a vital part of understanding math. Here, we give you free printable multiplication table PDFs and go over the nine rules you should know about multiplication. Multiplication Table 12 x 12 Below is a 12 x 12 multiplication chart showing all multiples of the numbers 0-12. To use this chart, look for the two numbers youwant to multiply together on the top row and in the leftmost column, and then find the box that connects these two numbers together. For example, if you’re trying to find the product of 7 and 5, you'd look for 7 in the leftmost column and 5 in the top row, and then see where these two meet in the middle (35). (You can also look for 7 in the top row and 5 in the left column- as we’ll explain, the order in which you multiply doesn’t actually matter!) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 3 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 4 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 6 0 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60 66 72 7 0 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70 77 84 8 0 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80 88 96 9 0 9 18 27 36 45 54 63 72 81 90 99 108 10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 11 0 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 110 121 132 12 0 12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 108 120 132 144 We also offer two free printable PDFs of this 12 x 12 multiplication chart. The first table is in portrait mode,andthe second table is in landscape mode. Click the thumbnail for the version of the multiplication table you’d like to print out: There are many ways you can use this multiplication table to your advantage. If you’re in high school and planning to take the SAT or ACT soon, you can use this chart to help you remember basic multiplication pairs and multiples likely to come up on the SAT or ACT Math sections. Being able to quicklydo mental math on tricky problems involving multiplication can effectively reduce the time you spend attempting to solve the problem. This chart will also teach you to avoid relying too much on your calculator on the SAT/ACT Math sections. We recommend printing out a copy of this multiplication table and either hanging it up by your desk or study areaor placing it in your binder for school so you can refer to it often to help you memorize the most common multiples. Time to turn on your brain! 9 Fundamental Rules for Remembering Multiples As you use the multiplication table above, make sure you know all the basic rules for remembering multiples and how they work. Below, we go over the most common multiplication rules you should have memorized. Rule 1: Order Doesn’t Matter in Multiplication If all you’re doing is multiplying two or more numbers together- and aren’t doing any other math function such as adding, subtracting, or dividing- then the actual order of those numbers doesn’t matter. In other words, 8 x 4 is the same exact problem as 4 x 8 (both equal 32). This rule also works if you’re multiplying more than two numbers together. For example, 2 x 3 x 4 can be written as 2 x 4 x 3, 3 x 4 x 2, etc. Regardless of the order of the numbers being multiplied, this equation will always come out to 24. This means that with the multiplication chart above, you may look for numbers in either the top row or the leftmost column. It doesn’t matter whether you’re connecting the 8 in the top row and the 4 in the left column, or the 8 in the left column and the 4 in the top row. Both ways will give you the same answer of 32. Note, however, that the order doesmatter when you’re doing more than just multiplying numbers together.For example, if you’re multiplying and adding numbers in a problem, you’ll need to follow the order of operations to solve it correctly. Many people use the acronym PEMDAS (parentheses, exponents, multiplication, division, addition, subtraction) to help them recall the correct order in which they must perform calculations to solve a math problem. An easy way toremember this acronym is with the phrase, "Please excuse my dear Aunt Sally." Rule 2: All Multiples of Even Numbers Are Even No matter which even number you choose- whether it’s as low as 2 or as high as 33,809,236- all multiples of even numbers will always be even as well. Don’t believe me? Just look back at the multiplication table above. If you look at the column under 6, for example, you’ll see that all multiples of 6 are, in fact, even numbers! These multiples include 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, etc. A number is even if the digit in the ones place is even (in other words, if it ends in 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8). This rule works because whenever you multiply an even number by another even number or by an odd number, the product will always be even.Here are the formulas that illustrate this: even x even = even even x odd = even Rule 3: All Multiples of Odd Numbers Follow an Even-Odd Pattern Unlike Rule 2, all multiples of odd numbers aren’t, in fact, odd! Rather,multiples of odd numbers will always follow an even-odd pattern. What do I mean by this? Let’s look at an example. Take the odd number 7. Below are the multiples of 7. Each multiple has been highlighted in either yellow (even) or blue (odd): 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 0 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70 77 84 As you can see, the multiples of 7, an odd number, follow a clear pattern of even, odd, even, odd, and so on. This pattern works because of a fundamental rule in math: an odd number multiplied by an even number will always be even, but an odd number multiplied by an odd number will always be odd. Here are the formulas to help you remember this concept: odd x even = even odd x odd = odd Nature has patterns just like math does. Rule 4: The Only Multiple of 0 Is 0 As you likely noticed in the multiplication chart above, any time you multiply 0 by a number- whether that number is 5, 0.0004758, or 6,783,390,391- the product will always equal 0. Basically, since any number times 0 is equal to 0, all multiples of 0 are therefore 0 as well. Rule 5: A Multiple of 1 Always Equals the Number Being Multiplied Whenever a number- no matter how small or big it might be- is multiplied by 1, the answer will be equal to the original number you started with. For example, 9 x 1 = 9.And 12,351 x 1 = 12,351. Here are some multiples of 1 taken from the chart above: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Rule 6: All Multiples of 5 End in 0 or 5 If you look at the multiplication chart above, you’ll notice that all multiples of 5 end in either a 0 or 5. Knowing this makes it easy to remember what numbers are multiples of 5, even if they’re super high. In short, anything that ends in a 5 or 0 is for sure a multiple of 5. Here is a small chart showing some of the multiples of 5: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 Rule 7: For Multiples of 10, Just Add a 0 To find a multiple of 10, all you need to do is add a 0 to the end of the number being multiplied by 10. So if you have the problem 10 x 27, you should know right away that the answer is 270 (27 with a 0 added to the end of it). This rule also means that all multiples of 10 end in 0 (this is similar to Rule 6, which states that all multiples of 5 end in either a 5 or 0). In other words, any number you see that ends in a 0, whether it’s 640 or 4,328,120, will be a multiple of 10. Here’s a chart showing some common multiples of 10: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 Zerocan be a very useful number in multiplication. Rule 8: Up to 11 x 9, All Multiples of 11 Are Repeated Digits As the multiplication table above shows, all multiples of 11 up to 11 x 9 are equal to the digit being multiplied repeated once. So if you multiply 11 by 6, for example, the answer will be 66 (you just repeat 6- the number being multiplied by 11). Note that this trick only works up to factor 9. Once you hit 10, the product will not equal two repeated digits. Here are the multiples of 11 using the factors 1-9: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 Rule 9: For 12, Multiply by 10 and 2 Then Add Together Multiples of 12 can be difficult to memorize and a little overwhelming, but there’s an easy trick you can use to quickly find any multiple of 12. All you have to do is multiply the factor (the number being multiplied by 12) by 10, multiply that same factor by 2, and then add these together. This might sound complicated, but it’s really not! Written out as an equation (in which a is any factor of 12), this trick would look like this: 12a = 10a+ 2a Let’s walk through an example. Say you want to find the product of 12 x 9. The quickest way to do this would be to first multiply 9 by 10; this gives us 90.Next, multiply 9 by 2 to get 18. Finally, add together 90 and 18. This gives us108, which is the answer to our original problem: 12 x 9. Try this trick with other factors and then double-check your answer with the multiplication chart or a calculator. What’s Next? Want to brush up on other basic math skills? Then check out our expert guides on how to find the mean of a data set and how to use the acceleration formula. Need help preparing for the SAT/ACT Math section?Learn everything you need to know about what kinds of topics are tested on SAT Math and ACT Math.

Answers to Questions About Plurals #2

Answers to Questions About Plurals #2 Answers to Questions About Plurals #2 Answers to Questions About Plurals #2 By Mark Nichol Here are DailyWritingTips.com readers’ queries about plural usage, and my responses. 1. I am working on a book about the mother-in-law/daughter-in-law relationship, and the author has used MIL and DIL throughout to abbreviate. But the plural forms of those terms are mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law, so what are the plural forms of the abbreviations? The author uses MILs and DILs, but that style incorrectly implies that the plural falls at the end of the compound noun (mother-in-laws and daughter-in-laws.) Should the abbreviations be MsIL and DsIL? Mother-in-law and similar constructions include what’s called a postpositive adjective, in which an adjective follows the noun it modifies. (The second words in â€Å"attorney general† and â€Å"accounts payable† are also postpositive adjectives.) In abbreviations of such terms, ignore the position of the plural form, and attach the s at the end, or omit it altogether. For example, â€Å"attorneys general† is abbreviated AGs, not AsG, and â€Å"accounts payable† is abbreviated APs, not AsP. If you’re going to abbreviate mothers-in-law, MILs is the way to go. 2. Our team mascot is a wildcat, so I would expect people to use Wildcats when talking about the school teams in general. Is there a rule for singular or plural use when identifying a specific organization, as in â€Å"We are the Wildcats† or â€Å"This is the Wildcat football program†? Team mascot names should be treated as plurals except when, as in the case of Stanford University’s Cardinal (not Cardinals) ugh the name is singular: â€Å"The Wildcats are undefeated this season.† The program should also be referred to in the plural form: â€Å"This is the Wildcats football program†; the only instance in which the singular form is used is when referring to an individual player, as in â€Å"John Smith was a Wildcat when the team won the state championship.† 3. When someone says, â€Å"He only answers with yesses and nos,† is that the correct way to spell the responses? Also, do I need to put each word in quotations? I could revise to â€Å"He only answers with yes or no,† but what if I have to record the statement verbatim? Write, â€Å"He only answers with yeses and nos† no internal quotation marks. (Technically, only should follow answers, but this is a transcription.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:75 Contronyms (Words with Contradictory Meanings)Taser or Tazer? Tazing or Tasering?How to Style Titles of Print and Online Publications

Government & Business - the service user as the stake holder Essay

Government & Business - the service user as the stake holder - Essay Example mited to the following: roads, provision of electricity and water, health services, education through the provision of school and other social amenities. The concepts of the consumer, client, user, citizen and the general public have been used to refer to the service users. The literature examines the users of public services, how these users are positioned or perceived. Besides, it looks at how the service users are involved in the delivery of services (Barnes et al., 2008, p.401). As such it looks at them as significant stakeholder in the government and the business sector. The paper reviews the literature and presents its strength with regards to the manner in which it covers the literature. Other areas that require significant analysis and consideration are also pointed towards the end of the discussion. It has been noted that the literature misses certain significant point. The conclusion is then presented clearly on the basis of the literature analysis. It objectively brings ou t the researchers views with regards to the service users as stakeholders in the government and business sector agencies (Leadbetter, 2004, p.81). Service users as has been described can be clients, consumers, customers, citizens and the general public who constantly interact with the government and business and make effective use of the services that these two provide. In essence, it is the service users that justify the existence of a business or a government. It is very prudent to state the fact that businesses exist because of the service users and service users do not exist because of the business (Barnes et al., 2008, p.387). In the same vein, the government exists to provide services to its citizens who are essentially the service users. It is on the basis of this recognition that businesses strive to delight their customers, treat them passionately and acknowledge them as a very critical success factor. As such, the service users are the people who use the services such as

Who commits crimes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Who commits crimes - Essay Example According to Wolfgang, Figlio, and Sellin, (1987) a small percentage of offenders commits a large proportion of criminal offenses. Stated in another way, there are only a few individuals who are repeat offenders or career criminals. The common perception of most people is that more criminals equal more crimes, but the theorists above have proven otherwise. Based on studies they have conducted, they advocate that only a number of crimes may actually be attributed to a few people. Their findings are important in the sense that they show the pattern of behavior that we can expect from potential career criminals. Their study points out that most of these career criminals come from a poor background, have a history of delinquency, and have a lower grade point average while they are in high school. In possibly understanding and curtailing criminal tendencies in potential career criminals, we look into the problem children in school. In the cohort study conducted by Wolfgang and his associa tes, they uncovered that many of the male offenders were arrested only once or twice, about 19% of the offenders were repeat offenders, and a very small percentage – about 6% were arrested 5 or more times (Wolfgang, 1972, as quoted by Spelman, 1993). Their study implies that we can unearth career criminals by looking into a small percentage of people in the criminal pool. They are the ones we need to worry about because the criminal justice system has become ineffective in rehabilitating them. In a big way, their time in jail may have actually made them hardened criminals. Their findings also indicate how important it is for us to identify and establish factors which may invite and breed criminal behavior. Simply looking into a person’s race, social class, gender, and age is not enough in order to predict criminal behavior. By tracing the pattern of behavior of one criminal, it will tell us a lot about whether or not he is a potential career criminal (Hagan,

Addiction :: essays research papers

Addiction is compulsive need for and use of a habit-forming substance (as heroin, nicotine, or alcohol). Someone who is addicted or hooked psychologically believes that they cannot function without this substance in their bodies. Drug and alcohol addiction and tear families apart, they change individuals who once were the best people to be around with. Most addictions start at an individuals adolescence age where they just learning who they are and how to fit it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Drug addiction can and most of the time leads the individual to stealing from friends and even family. These individual do what ever is in the power to get a hold of their preferred drug. They are capable of hurting those who love them and the ones they love.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many warning signs to addictions which, include the list of the following:  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tolerance. If a person needs increasing amounts of a drug to feel high then they are developing tolerance.  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Preoccupation with the drug. A preoccupied person thinks constantly about a drug  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Personality changes. Individuals withdraw from their friends and their family.  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Solitary use. Individuals often begin using the drug as a social thing but then once they begin to use it alone they can be losing control.  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Using drugs as medicine. People often use drugs to take the edge off stressful situation or unpleasant feelings. They may rationalize their use and make it see normal  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Continued use despises negative consequences. Drug dependence compels people to use in spite of problem or loss of friends. Some individuals do not become addicted as others do but no one knows why only that it has to do wit individual’s biology.